Question

A nurse practitioner is preparing to perform a client's Papanicolaou (Pap) smear and is answering the client's questions about the clinical rationale for the procedure. The nurse should describe what phenomenon?

Answer 1

A Pap smear is a crucial medical test conducted to collect cells from the uterine cervix to detect cervical cancer and microbial infections. A cytotechnologist examines the cells for abnormal growths or signs of HPV infection. It is highly effective in preventing cervical cancer deaths.

Step-by-step explanation:

A Pap smear is a medical test that involves collecting cells from the uterine cervix of a patient. This procedure helps in the early detection of cervical cancer and microbial infections. During a Pap smear, the patient lies on an examining table with their legs supported by stirrups. A speculum is then inserted into the vagina to access the cervix, and a small sample of cells is taken and sent to a lab. A professional called a cytotechnologist performs a detailed examination of the cells, looking for abnormal growth that could indicate cervical cancer, or signs of infection, such as those caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV).

While the test can be uncomfortable or even somewhat painful for some, measures can be taken to minimize discomfort. An understanding of the importance of the Pap smear is crucial because it is estimated to reduce cervical cancer deaths by up to 80 percent. Additionally, since HPV testing is often done concurrently with a Pap test, it is possible to detect HPV infections through the presence of specific cells called koilocytes, which are indicative of HPV infection.