Final answer:
Cardiac output is the total volume of blood that the heart pumps per minute, calculated as heart rate multiplied by stroke volume.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cardiac output is c: the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute. To determine cardiac output, the formula CO (cardiac output) = HR (heart rate) × SV (stroke volume) is used. The heart rate is the number of contractions per minute, and the stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped by each ventricle per contraction. An increase in either heart rate or stroke volume will increase cardiac output and, consequently, blood pressure and blood flow.