Final answer:
Computed tomography (CT) scan is a technique that involves computerized X-ray imaging in the transverse plane, producing detailed cross-sectional and three-dimensional images of internal structures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The medical technique that involves computerized X-ray imaging in the transverse plane is known as computed tomography (CT). This non-invasive technique uses computers to analyze multiple cross-sectional X-rays to create a detailed image of structures within the body. It was developed in the 1970s by G. Hounsfield of the UK and A. Cormack of the US, who were later awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for this invention.
In a CT scan, the patient lies on a motorized platform, and an X-ray tube and detector array rotate around the patient's body, taking images from various angles. These images are then processed by a computer to produce two-dimensional "slices" of the scanned area, which can be further analyzed to construct three-dimensional representations.