Final answer:
The Appeals Committee or appellate courts review lower court decisions for legal errors using their appellate jurisdiction. They can reverse or modify decisions and often handle matters related to the Constitution, federal law, or international issues. Specialized bodies like zoning appeals boards handle specific disputes and make decisions subject to judicial review.
Step-by-step explanation:
When making judgments on appeals, the Appeals Committee or appellate courts exercise their appellate jurisdiction. These courts have the authority to review the decisions of lower courts to determine if there were any legal errors that impacted the case's outcome. Appellate courts do not typically conduct new trials but rather assess the record of proceedings from the trial court for legal mistakes.
The Supreme Court has both original and appellate jurisdiction, but the majority of its cases are appellate in nature. It reviews cases on matters such as the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, federal law, and international issues. The Supreme Court's decision-making process includes private conferences, wherein justices discuss the case after oral arguments, pose questions, and raise concerns, leading to an initial vote before making their judgment public.
Should an appeal be successful, the appellate court may reverse or modify the lower court’s decision. In certain cases, such as disputes related to zoning laws, specialized bodies like zoning appeals boards handle the appeals. These quasi-judicial entities conduct hearings and make determinations subject to judicial review, often requiring legal expertise to navigate effectively.