Final answer:
Continuous monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate is required when administering sodium nitroprusside, due to the risks of excessive hypotension and potential toxicity, which include cyanide poisoning.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a patient is on sodium nitroprusside, there needs to be a continuous monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, and signs of potential toxicity such as cyanide poisoning. Sodium nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator used in the management of acute hypertensive crises and heart failure. Due to its rapid action and potency, close observation is necessary to avoid excessive hypotension and possible cyanide toxicity, which can occur as a result of its metabolism. The therapeutic goal is to lower blood pressure while ensuring adequate organ perfusion. Therefore, continuous blood pressure monitoring using an intra-arterial catheter may be employed for accurate and immediate feedback.