Question

A client with hypertension receives a prescription for enalapril, an angiotensin instruction should the nurse include in the medication teaching plan?

Answer 1

Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension by reducing the production of angiotensin II, thus lowering blood pressure. The nurse should inform the patient about the action of this medication, potential side effects, and precautions to take while on this medication.

Step-by-step explanation:

Enalapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor), prescribed for hypertension to lower high blood pressure. As part of the medication teaching plan, the nurse should educate the patient that enalapril works by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. This reduction in angiotensin II leads to decreased blood pressure as it reduces vasoconstriction and decreases the release of aldosterone, which would otherwise promote water and sodium retention, elevating blood pressure.

The nurse should also mention potential side effects, such as a dry cough, and advise the patient to report any signs of angioedema or hyperkalemia. Additionally, the patient should be told to avoid using salt substitutes containing potassium and to report any signs of lightheadedness which may indicate hypotension, especially following the initial dose. It is essential for patients to take the medication as prescribed and to not discontinue it without consulting with their healthcare provider.