Final answer:
To maintain calcium homeostasis, the nurse should advise the client to report muscular symptoms, take vitamin D with calcium, eat calcium-rich foods like low-fat yogurt, and keep a diet record to monitor intake. the correct option is a) Report any muscle twitching or seizures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nurse should include all the following in the client's discharge teaching to ensure proper calcium homeostasis and prevent the risks associated with hypocalcemia: a) Report any muscle twitching or seizures, b) Take vitamin D with calcium daily, c) Low fat yogurt is a good source of calcium, and d) Keep a diet record to monitor calcium intake.
These measures are crucial because calcium homeostasis affects blood coagulation, muscle contraction, nerve functioning, and bone strength. Vitamin D is essential for the activation of calcium, and its synthesis involves hydroxylation reactions in the kidney. A diet record helps in monitoring the intake to ensure the recommended calcium intake is met and to prevent both hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia, which can have serious health impacts.