Final answer:
Disorders that significantly increase the client's metabolic needs include cancer and major burns. These conditions require more energy due to rapid cell growth in cancer and tissue healing in burns.
Step-by-step explanation:
A nurse on a MedSurg unit should identify that certain disorders can increase a client's metabolic needs. Disorders that impact the metabolic processes often influence how much energy the body requires. For instance:
These conditions are known to increase metabolic demands. Cancer cells rapidly divide and grow, consuming significant amounts of energy. Major burns lead to a hypermetabolic state as the body attempts to heal tissue and maintain homeostasis.
Conversely, disorders like Hypothyroidism or Parkinson's disease typically do not increase metabolic needs. Hypothyroidism is characterized by a decreased metabolic rate, while Parkinson's disease primarily affects movement.