Final answer:
Pyelonephritis is the word that means inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney. It is a serious infection that can lead to chronic kidney disease or kidney failure if left untreated.
Step-by-step explanation:
The word that means inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney is pyelonephritis. Pyelonephritis is a serious infection of one or both kidneys that can be caused by bacteria traveling from other parts of the urinary tract or through the bloodstream to the kidney. Symptoms of pyelonephritis include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, lower back pain, and frequent painful urination. If left untreated, pyelonephritis can lead to chronic kidney disease or kidney failure.