Final answer:
Electrostatic precipitators prevent fly ash escape by using electrodes to give particles an electrostatic charge and attracting them to a filter.
Step-by-step explanation:
Electrostatic precipitators prevent fly ash escape by using electrodes to give particles an electrostatic charge and attracting them to a filter, removing them from the airstream.
The first grid in the precipitator charges the airborne particles, while the second grid attracts and collects them. This process effectively filters out the fly ash and prevents it from escaping.