Final answer:
The therapeutic diet for a patient with hepatic failure is generally restricted in protein and potassium, carefully balanced with necessary nutrients, and may require a controlled sodium intake to prevent additional complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
The therapeutic diet for a patient with hepatic failure is typically restricted in protein and may also be restricted in potassium. The primary reason is that a failing liver has trouble processing protein byproducts like ammonia, making it essential to control protein intake to prevent additional stress on the liver. While the body still needs protein for healing and maintenance, the amount must be carefully controlled. Patients may also need thiamine and vitamin E, along with other nutrients. Furthermore, due to the potential for fluid retention and edema, sodium may need to be restricted as well. However, adequate calorie intake is crucial, typically from carbohydrates and fats, to meet the body's energy needs while avoiding excessive protein.