Final answer:
The thoracic vertebrae consist of twelve vertebrae in the upper and middle back, numbered from T1 to T12, serving to support the body's structure and protect the spinal cord while anchoring ribs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The thoracic vertebrae are a group of twelve vertebrae that are located in the upper and middle back, specifically within the thoracic region of the vertebral column. These vertebrae are sequentially numbered from T1 to T12. Each vertebra is numbered to reflect its position in the thoracic spine, with the numbering starting at T1, which is closest to the neck, and ending at T12, which is closest to the lower back. The thoracic vertebrae play crucial roles not only in providing structural support but also in protecting the thoracic spinal cord and anchoring the ribs.