Final answer:
Mothers with gestational diabetes are at increased risk for postpartum issues and developing type 2 diabetes, whereas infants are at higher risk for insulin resistance and obesity. Effective management includes diet and exercise for mothers, and ongoing health monitoring for both mother and baby.
Step-by-step explanation:
The post-partum effects for a mother with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and her infant can be significant. For the mother, gestational diabetes increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future. The infant may be at risk for developing obesity and type 2 diabetes as well due to early-life exposure to altered glucose levels. Appropriate management during pregnancy, including lifestyle changes and medication if necessary, can help mitigate these risks.
After childbirth, mothers who had GDM should be monitored for postpartum depression (PPD), as hormonal and physical changes can increase the vulnerability to this condition. Infants born to mothers with GDM are more likely to experience insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, due in part to potential in utero nutritional deficiencies such as magnesium restriction, which has been linked to adiposity in rat studies.
Effective management and preventive measures include maintaining a healthy diet, monitoring blood glucose levels, and engaging in regular physical activity. Ongoing healthcare after delivery is crucial for both mother and baby to monitor and address any emerging health concerns.