Final answer:
Hypovolemic shock can be caused by hemorrhage or dehydration, both of which lead to a significant drop in blood volume and may result in this dangerous condition.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hypovolemic shock is a type of circulatory shock caused by an excessive loss of blood volume, which can result from several factors including hemorrhage (severe bleeding), and dehydration. It can also occur due to conditions that lead to fluid loss such as severe burns, vomiting, or diarrhea, particularly in children. The key symptoms of hypovolemic shock are a rapid heart rate, weak and thready pulse, cool and clammy skin, rapid and shallow breathing, hypothermia, thirst, and dry mouth. Treatment typically comprises intravenous fluid replacement and the administration of drugs to raise blood pressure, such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.
Given the options provided by the student, hypovolemic shock could result from both hemorrhage of blood and dehydration. Hypertension and edema are not direct causes of hypovolemic shock.
In a two line explanation: Hypovolemic shock can result from both hemorrhage (severe bleeding) and dehydration. These conditions lead to a significant decrease in blood volume, which can cause this life-threatening form of shock.