Final answer:
The four parenting styles are authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved. Each style has different characteristics and can result in different outcomes for children.
Step-by-step explanation:
The four parenting styles are authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved.
The authoritative style involves setting reasonable demands and consistent limits, expressing warmth and affection, listening to the child's point of view, and being flexible. Children raised by authoritative parents tend to have high self-esteem and social skills.
The authoritarian style places high value on conformity and obedience, with strict rules and little warmth. Permissive parents make few demands and rarely use punishment, allowing the child to run the show. Uninvolved parents are neglectful and provide little guidance or attention. These different parenting styles can lead to various childhood outcomes.