Final answer:
Cold parents are likely to complain about their children's behavior, which may be reflective of an uninvolved or authoritarian parenting style. Parenting styles, including permissive parenting, significantly affect childhood adjustment.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cold parents are likely to complain about their children's behavior, saying they are naughty or have "minds of their own." This kind of response may be indicative of an uninvolved style of parenting, where parents are indifferent and make few demands, partly due to issues such as substance abuse, depression, or extreme focus on work. In some cases, authoritarian parents, who are strict and express little warmth, may also engage in similar criticism due to their high value on conformity and obedience. Temperament can influence parenting as well, with children who are more difficult possibly eliciting irritation or withdrawal from their parents. It's also possible for parents with a permissive style to be very nurturing yet make few demands, potentially leading to a lack of self-discipline and lower grades in their children. Whatever the style, it's clear that parenting has a significant impact on childhood adjustment and future behavior.