Final answer:
Ocean-ocean convergence leads to subduction, volcanic island arc formation, and potential creation of landmasses. Ophiolites are exposed during continent-continent convergence, forming mountain belts like the Himalayas, described as suture zones. The Caledonide Orogeny exemplifies such geological processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The outcomes of ocean-ocean (oceanic) convergence, also known as OOC, include several geological features and processes. When two oceanic plates converge, one plate typically subducts beneath the other, leading to the formation of a deep-sea trench. As the subducting plate descends into the mantle, it begins to melt, generating magma that can result in volcanic island arcs. Over time, these islands may collide and suture together, creating larger landmasses.
Ophiolites are remnants of the oceanic crust and upper-mantle material that have been obducted onto continental crust as a result of these tectonic processes. When oceanic crust converges with continental crust during continent-continent convergence, the resultant collision can create mountain belts where ophiolites may be exposed, such as the Himalayan mountains, which some geoscientists describe as a suture zone.
In the case of the Caledonide Orogeny and the closure of the Iapetus Ocean, significant metamorphic events and rock sequences such as the Barrovian Sequence occurred. Through these geological processes, we gain understanding about the movements of Earth's lithosphere and the creation of new geological formations.