Final answer:
The additional output produced as a result of utilizing one more unit of capital is known as marginal product. The least-cost rule of production states that costs are minimized for a given level of production when the optimal scale of production is achieved.
Step-by-step explanation:
The additional output produced as a result of utilizing one more unit of capital is known as marginal product. It measures the extra output or change in the total product caused by the addition of one more unit of variable input, such as the number of workers. The least-cost rule of production states that costs are minimized for a given level of production when the optimal scale of production is achieved.