Final answer:
True, employees in the same job can have different pay rates due to performance, seniority, and training, despite the 'equal pay for equal work' principle. Efficiency wage theory and market factors like skills supply and workforce competition also influence wages.
Step-by-step explanation:
True: Employees in the same job may indeed have different pay rates due to a variety of factors. Performance, seniority, and training can all be significant determinants of an individual's compensation within the same position. This approach to compensation highlights how businesses value the individual contributions and experiences of their employees.
The doctrine that suggests jobs requiring the same level of skill, training, or education should receive equal pay is commonly referred to as 'equal pay for equal work'. However, in practice, wages are influenced by market dynamics and individual factors. Efficiency wage theory suggests that higher wages can lead to increased productivity, as employees are motivated to maintain their higher-paying jobs, which can be beneficial for both workers and employers in the long run.
Factors such as the rarity of certain skills or talents and the economic concept of competition in the workforce also play a role in determining wages. Employers may pay more for skills that are in high demand but short supply. Furthermore, during times of high unemployment, workers may accept lower wages, affecting the overall market wage levels.