Final answer:
Simple cuboidal epithelium consists of a single layer of cube-shaped cells with centrally located round nuclei. It lines the proximal convoluted tubule of kidney nephrons, aiding in absorption and secretion. These cells are adapted with microvilli and abundant mitochondria to maximize their functional efficiency.
Step-by-step explanation:
The simple cuboidal epithelium is a type of tissue that plays a critical role in the function of mammalian kidneys.
This tissue is composed of a single layer of cube-shaped cells, with nuclei that generally appear round and centrally located within the cells.
It is found lining the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) of the kidney nephrons, where it is integral to the processes of secretion and absorption of molecules essential to bodily function.
In the PCT, the simple cuboidal cells exhibit prominent microvilli on their luminal surface, forming a brush border that significantly increases the surface area for absorption and secretion activities.
This epithelium facilitates the movement of solutes such as Na+, Cl-, and glucose, thus maintaining the body's chemical balance. To support this active transport of ions, these cells are rich in mitochondria, providing the ATP necessary for transportation mechanisms.
Understanding the structure and function of simple cuboidal epithelium is vital for the study of renal physiology and the mechanisms of filtration and reabsorption within the mammalian kidney.
It highlights the complex interaction between form and function that is foundational to biological systems.
The complete question is:
The simple cuboidal cells of kidney tubules allow for both secretion and absorption. Discuss!