Final answer:
To administer a transdermal medication, the nurse should apply the medication on a clean area of the skin, using patches or ointments designed for this purpose. This method is beneficial for its convenience and steady release of medication for treatments including hormone therapy and smoking cessation.
Step-by-step explanation:
To administer a transdermal medication, the nurse should apply the medication directly to the patient's skin. This route of administration involves the use of patches or ointments that release the medication slowly through the skin and into the bloodstream, taking advantage of the skin's selective permeability. This method is convenient and can be used for medications such as hormone replacement therapy, motion sickness, heart problems, or nicotine replacement in smoking cessation programs.
Transdermal administration is different from other routes such as oral, intravenous, or subcutaneous. Oral administration might not be suitable if the drug isn't easily absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Intravenous or other parenteral routes are used when higher plasma levels of the drug are necessary, often in a healthcare setting. Conversely, transdermal medications provide a steady release of the medication over time and can be a preferred option for home administration.
When preparing to administer a transdermal medication, the nurse should ensure that the skin is clean, hairless, and free of any cuts or irritations to ensure proper absorption of the drug.