Final answer:
The behavioral viewpoint emphasizes an understanding of human actions and motivation in the workplace, highlighting the belief that employees are influenced by their environment and prior learning.
Step-by-step explanation:
The behavioral viewpoint places emphasis on the importance of understanding the actions of humans and the motivation and encouragement of employees toward achievement. This perspective focuses on the behavior of individuals within an organization and how these behaviors are influenced by environment and prior learning. One of the classic examples in management theory that illustrates the behavioral perspective is Douglas McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X managers operate under the assumption that employees inherently dislike work and must be coerced, controlled, or threatened with punishment to achieve goals, whereas Theory Y managers believe that employees take pleasure in work and will exert self-direction and self-control when they are committed to the objectives.