Final answer:
Sherif's 1961 study found that at a summer camp, boys originally formed into segregated groups, but through cooperative tasks aimed at superordinate goals, their prejudicial attitudes were reduced and social cohesion increased.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the study conducted by Sherif in 1961, which is known as the Robbers Cave experiment, findings related to competition and cooperation among boys at a summer camp were groundbreaking. At the beginning of the camp, boys demonstrated segregation and avoided interaction with those outside their in-groups.
However, interventions during the camp revolved around introducing superordinate goals that required cooperation among the previously competing groups. This shift in strategy led to a significant reduction in prejudicial attitudes and an increase in cooperative behaviors. By fostering a common purpose, the boys began to work together, spend time socially across initial group divides, and effectively reduce intergroup conflict.
Moreover, strategies like the jigsaw classroom technique suggest that cooperative efforts in a variety of settings can contribute to reducing prejudice and enhancing social cohesion.