Final answer:
An orthopedist is a physician specializing in treatment of the musculoskeletal system, managing conditions with both non-surgical and surgical methods.
Step-by-step explanation:
The physician who specializes in the treatment of disorders affecting bones and joints is an orthopedist. An orthopedist has expert knowledge in diagnosing and treating various conditions of the musculoskeletal system, which includes bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, and tendons. Some of these conditions can be managed through non-surgical treatments like medication, physical therapy, and the use of braces or other assistive devices. However, when necessary, an orthopedist may also perform surgery to repair or alleviate issues within the musculoskeletal system.