Final answer:
Hematuria is the term for the abnormal presence of red blood cells in urine, often resulting from infections or injuries to the urinary tract. correct answer is A) Hematuria.
Step-by-step explanation:
The abnormal increase of red blood cells in urine is termed as hematuria.
Hematuria is the presence of red blood cells (RBCs) in the urine, which can occur due to various conditions such as nephritis, trauma, tuberculosis of the kidney, and kidney stones. When present, hematuria can be detected by microscopic examination or urine test strips. Conditions that might cause an abnormal increase in RBCs in urine include infections, injury to the urinary tract, or more severe conditions such as polycythemia vera, which is a bone marrow disease causing overproduction of RBCs. Unlike oliguria, which is a decrease in urine output, or anuria, which is the absence of urine production, hematuria specifically refers to the presence of blood cells in the urine and is not necessarily indicative of urine output. Therefore, for students studying human physiology or pathology, recognizing the significance of hematuria is important in understanding how certain diseases can affect urinary function.