Final answer:
Hemophilia is a genetic disorder caused by a deficiency in clotting factors, affecting males more than females due to being X-linked, with hemophilia A and B being the most common types.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hemophilia is a genetic disorder (G) characterized by the body's inability to produce functional amounts of certain blood clotting factors. This is a hereditary condition typically linked to the X chromosome, which explains why it predominantly affects males. Females have two X chromosomes and thus would require both to carry the mutation for them to exhibit symptoms of hemophilia, which makes the condition significantly rarer in females.
There are a few types of hemophilia, with hemophilia A being the most common, accounting for about 80 percent of the cases and involving a deficiency in factor VIII. Hemophilia B, making up around 20 percent of cases, involves a deficiency in factor IX. Hemophilia C, although rare, affects both genders equally because it is linked to an autosomal chromosome and involves a deficiency in factor XI.