Final answer:
A Duodenectomy is the surgical procedure that removes a part of the small intestine, specifically the duodenum.
Step-by-step explanation:
The procedure that involves the removal of a part of the small intestine is known as a Duodenectomy. This surgical operation specifically targets the duodenum, which is the first and shortest segment of the small intestine, where a significant portion of the chemical digestion takes place. The duodenum is crucial in mixing chyme with pancreatic juices, aiding in neutralizing acidity and digesting nutrients. On the other hand, a Colectomy involves the removal of a part of the large intestine, a Gastrectomy involves the stomach, and an Appendectomy is the removal of the appendix.