Final answer:
Cancer screening tests aim to detect cancer before symptoms appear, targeting asymptomatic individuals to increase the likelihood of effective treatment. They involve various methods and are recommended for high-risk groups, with benefits that can be weighed against potential risks such as false positives and radiation exposure.
Step-by-step explanation:
Purpose of Cancer Screening Tests
The primary purpose of cancer screening tests is A. To detect a cancer before symptoms appear. These screenings are meant for asymptomatic individuals to identify cancers at an early stage where they might not have yet caused any symptoms, thereby increasing the chances for effective treatment and cure.
Screening tests can involve various methods such as physical examinations, medical imaging, blood tests, other tissue tests, or endoscopy, depending on the type of cancer. They are recommended especially for high-risk groups and are an essential component of preventive health care.
Routine cancer screening can be controversial due to its potential risks and benefits. False positives, excessive radiation, and costs are some of the risks involved, while the benefits include early detection and treatment. A biopsy is required for a definitive diagnosis of cancer, as it allows for microscopic examination of tissue samples.