Question

A patient diagnosed with diastolic heart failure asks the nurse to explain why this has developed. The nurse knows that which of the following are often associated with diastolic failure? Select all that apply.

a) Valvular stenosis
b) Myocardial hypertrophy
c) Volume overload
d) Ischemic heart disease
e) Constrictive pericarditis

Answer 1

Diastolic heart failure is often associated with valvular stenosis, myocardial hypertrophy, volume overload, ischemic heart disease, and constrictive pericarditis, all of which affect the heart's ability to fill and pump blood effectively.

Step-by-step explanation:

The conditions often associated with diastolic heart failure include valvular stenosis, myocardial hypertrophy, volume overload, ischemic heart disease, and constrictive pericarditis. Valvular stenosis, such as aortic stenosis, makes the heart valves rigid, hindering their ability to function properly and requiring the heart to expend more effort to pump blood, which can weaken the heart muscle over time. Myocardial hypertrophy, an enlargement of the heart muscle, can occur in response to high blood pressure or other conditions that make it harder for the heart to pump blood, leading to diastolic dysfunction. Volume overload refers to the condition where the heart has to handle a higher volume of blood, whereas ischemic heart disease impacts heart muscle due to reduced blood flow, and both can contribute to heart failure. Lastly, constrictive pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardial sac that restricts the heart's movement, can lead to diastolic heart failure as the heart cannot properly fill with blood during relaxation.