Final answer:
The early stages of cardiogenic shock in a post-CABG patient can be indicated by low urine output, hypotension, decreasing MAP, and periods of confusion. Low PCWP is not a typical sign of cardiogenic shock, as it is usually elevated due to left ventricular dysfunction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The clinical manifestations of cardiogenic shock in a patient post coronary bypass graft (CABG) surgery can be varied. Given the choices, the assessment findings that would confirm the client may be in the early stages of cardiogenic shock include:
- Urine output 15 mL last hour - This low urine output can be indicative of poor renal perfusion due to reduced cardiac output.
- Low BP reading of 86/60 - Hypotension is a hallmark of shock, including cardiogenic shock, resulting from the heart's inability to pump effectively.
- Decreasing mean arterial pressure (MAP) - MAP decreases when cardiac output is compromised, which can point to the onset of cardiogenic shock.
- Periods of confusion - Mental status changes such as confusion can occur due to inadequate cerebral perfusion from the reduced cardiac output.
- A low pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) is not typical of cardiogenic shock; in fact, PCWP is generally elevated in cardiogenic shock due to left ventricular dysfunction. Therefore, choice "e" would not be a correct indicator of early stages of cardiogenic shock.
By recognizing these signs, healthcare providers can commence timely and appropriate interventions to prevent the progression of cardiogenic shock.