Final answer:
The power to the Constitution comes from 'the people,' as stated in the Preamble, emphasizing the democratic principle that the government is powered by the consent of the governed. The Constitution establishes a system of checks and balances across three branches of government, with various powers enumerated, implied, and inherent to ensure a balance of governance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Preamble of the United States Constitution begins with the words "We the People", clearly indicating that the power of the government is derived from the consent of the governed, which in this context means the people. This concept emphasizes the importance of democracy and the foundational role of popular sovereignty. The Constitution sets up a system of government with three branches: the legislative (Congress), the executive (President), and the judicial (Supreme Court), each with a system of checks and balances to prevent any one branch from becoming superior. Powers are divided amongst these branches, with enumerated powers directly listed in the Constitution, implied powers not explicitly stated but necessary for government function, and inherent powers that come with being a sovereign nation.
In enumerating these powers and the careful balance of governance, the Constitution does not allocate any original powers to foreign powers, the states, or elected officials without the underlying consent of the people. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is b) the people, as they are the ones who give power to the Constitution, which in turn authorizes the government to act.