Final answer:
In an HIV-positive patient, a ring-enhancing lesion on CT with positive EBV could suggest a condition like Burkitt lymphoma. Diagnosis usually requires further testing including a biopsy, and the treatment typically involves chemotherapy and rituximab.
Step-by-step explanation:
An HIV patient presenting with a ring-enhancing lesion on a CT scan could be indicative of several conditions, including opportunistic infections or cancers such as lymphoma. A positive test for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the context of HIV could suggest an EBV-associated malignancy like Burkitt lymphoma, which is more common in HIV-positive individuals due to immunosuppression allowing for uncontrolled proliferation of EBV+ B cells.
Diagnosis of Burkitt lymphoma would typically be confirmed with a biopsy and rapid initiation of treatment is critical. In this case, the presence of EBV could be confirmed by serological tests and antigen tests like LPT (lymphocyte proliferation test). However, due to the complex interplay of HIV and EBV in immunocompromised patients, additional tests like PCR are often necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment regimens may include a combination of chemotherapy drugs and rituximab. The described scenario warrants immediate medical attention due to the potential severity of the complication related to HIV and EBV co-infection.