Final answer:
The nail matrix is the area where the nail growth begins, and the nail root is embedded under the skin and is the starting point of the nail. These components are essential in nail formation and growth.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nail matrix and nail root are key components in the anatomy of a nail, crucial for its growth and development. The nail matrix is a deep layer of epidermal tissue located at the proximal end of a nail, harboring stem cells that divide to form new nail cells. These cells produce keratin, the protein that composes the majority of the nail. The nail matrix is responsible for the continuous growth of the nail, initially forming the nail root and subsequently the nail plate as the nail grows longer.
The nail root is embedded under the skin near the proximal end of the nail and is the part from which the nail starts to grow. Together, the nail matrix and the nail root form the basis of the nail body, which, as it grows, forms on the nail bed and becomes the visible nail plate recognized as the fingernail or toenail.The nail matrix and nail root are found at the proximal end of a nail. The nail matrix is a deep layer of epidermal tissue where nail growth occurs. It surrounds the nail root and contains stem cells that divide to produce keratinocytes, which make up the nail.