Final answer:
Option D. Immunity developed by vaccination or immunization is termed artificially acquired active immunity, as it involves the immune system learning to combat pathogens through exposure to a vaccine.
Step-by-step explanation:
The immunity that is developed by vaccination or immunization is known as artificial active immunity. This type of immunity involves the use of vaccines, which are either killed or weakened pathogens or their components. When administered to a healthy individual, vaccines stimulate the development of immunological memory without causing severe symptoms, providing protection against future infections.
Immunity developed by vaccination or immunization is known as artificially acquired active immunity. This form of immunity is a result of introducing a vaccine, which contains a killed or weakened pathogen or its components, into the body. The vaccine stimulates the immune system to develop immunological memory without causing full-blown disease symptoms, providing protection against future exposures to the pathogen.
Unlike natural active immunity, which is acquired by actually getting a disease and recovering from it, vaccines allow the body to safely develop immunity. Also, this differs from passive immunity, wherein antibodies are transferred from another source, providing temporary protection without long-term immunological memory.