Final answer:
Comparative advantage is the ability of a country or region to produce a good or service at a lower opportunity cost. Regional clusters influence national comparative advantage by fostering competitiveness, knowledge spillovers, and economies of scale. Silicon Valley in the United States is an example of a regional cluster that has contributed to the country's comparative advantage in the technology sector.
Step-by-step explanation:
Comparative advantage refers to the ability of a country or region to produce a particular good or service at a lower opportunity cost than other countries or regions. It is based on differences in resource endowments, technology, and productivity levels between countries. By specializing in the production of goods or services for which they have a comparative advantage, countries can trade with other countries and benefit from the exchange.
Regional clusters, also known as agglomeration economies, play a role in determining national comparative advantage. These clusters refer to the concentration of related industries in a specific geographic area. The presence of these clusters can lead to increased competitiveness, knowledge spillovers, and economies of scale, which enhance a country or region's ability to specialize and compete in the global market.
For example, Silicon Valley in the United States is a regional cluster known for its concentration of technology companies. This cluster has attracted skilled workers, research institutions, and venture capital, creating a dynamic ecosystem that fosters innovation and entrepreneurship. As a result, the United States has a comparative advantage in the technology sector.