There were several factors that influenced the people of Latin America who sought independence in the 19th century.
One major factor was the Enlightenment, a philosophical movement that emphasized reason, individual rights, and the natural rights of man. The ideas of the Enlightenment, particularly those of the French philosophers, had a profound impact on the people of Latin America, who began to question the authority of the Spanish and Portuguese colonial powers.
Another important factor was the success of the American Revolution, which showed the people of Latin America that it was possible to win independence from a powerful European nation. The example of the United States, which had won its independence and was now a thriving republic, was a source of inspiration for many Latin Americans who sought to break free from their own colonial rulers.
Furthermore, the wars of the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars had weakened the Spanish and Portuguese empires, making them more vulnerable to challenges from within. As a result, the people of Latin America were able to take advantage of the weakened state of their rulers to push for independence.
Finally, the rise of nationalistic and liberal ideologies in Europe also played a role in the push for independence in Latin America. These ideologies emphasized the importance of national sovereignty and individual rights, and they helped to inspire the people of Latin America to demand the same rights and freedoms for themselves.