Final answer:
The scala tympani and scala vestibuli are the cochlear chambers that contain perilymph, which plays a crucial role in hearing by transducing sound waves into neural signals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cochlear chambers that contain perilymph are the scala tympani and the scala vestibuli. These two chambers run along either side of the cochlear duct, which contains the organ of Corti. The scala tympani extends from the apex to the round window, while the scala vestibuli extends from the oval window to the apex. The movement of perilymph within these chambers is critical for transducing the mechanical energy from sound waves into neural signals that can be interpreted by the brain.