Question

What is the onset, peak, and duration of Glucagon when administered subcutaneously for hypoglycemia?

A) Onset: 5-10 minutes, Peak: 30-60 minutes, Duration: 90-120 minutes
B) Onset: 30-60 minutes, Peak: 2-4 hours, Duration: 8-12 hours
C) Onset: 2-4 hours, Peak: 8-12 hours, Duration: 24-36 hours
D) Onset: 15-30 minutes, Peak: 1-2 hours, Duration: 3-4 hours
E) Onset: 1-2 hours, Peak: 4-6 hours, Duration: 12-24 hours

Answer 1

Glucagon has an onset of 15 to 30 minutes, peaks at 30 minutes to 1 hour, and has a duration of 1.5 to 3 hours when administered subcutaneously for hypoglycemia. These pharmacokinetic properties are crucial for managing hypoglycemic emergencies.

Step-by-step explanation:

The onset, peak, and duration of glucagon when administered subcutaneously for hypoglycemia are important pharmacokinetic parameters to understand its therapeutic impact.

Upon subcutaneous administration for hypoglycemia, glucagon typically has an onset of action between 15 to 30 minutes, with a peak effect occurring at approximately 30 minutes to 1 hour. The duration of glucagon's hyperglycemic effect can last from 1.5 to 3 hours, although individual responses can vary. These parameters are pivotal in the management of hypoglycemia, particularly in conditions where endogenous glucagon response is insufficient or in diabetic patients with insulin overdosage.

Glucagon plays a critical role in elevating blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. For individuals experiencing hypoglycemia due to reasons such as excessive insulin administration, fasting, or prolonged exercise, glucagon serves as an emergency measure to restore normoglycemia.