Final answer:
Cloudy yellow urine with a strong smell and dysuria is often a sign of a urinary tract infection and may contain white blood cells. A urine test is important to confirm the infection and determine the right treatment.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a person voids 400mL of cloudy yellow urine with a strong smell and reports dysuria, it may indicate a urinary tract infection (UTI), particularly if there are accompanying symptoms like fever, abdominal pain, or the presence of white blood cells. Normal urine should be clear and have an aromatic odour; a cloudy appearance and strong odour can suggest the presence of bacteria, pus, or other infections.
Factors like dehydration, urinary retention, or recent surgery can increase the risk of UTIs, and certain conditions such as diabetes mellitus can also present with characteristic changes in urine like a fruity odour due to ketones. It is important to have urine tests conducted to confirm the presence of infection and to prescribe the appropriate antibiotics for treatment.