Final answer:
To increase mechanical advantage and torque, mechanics may extend the wrench handle with a pipe, which can potentially lead to breaking the bolt.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is that mechanics use a length of pipe over the handle of a wrench to increase the lever arm and gain a greater mechanical advantage when trying to loosen a very tight bolt. By doing so, the mechanic is able to apply a greater torque to the bolt with the same amount of applied force, which makes loosening the bolt easier.
However, there is a risk associated with this practice since increasing torque can also increase the likelihood of breaking the bolt.
In terms of the angle for maximum torque, the torque applied to a nut or bolt is greatest when the force is applied perpendicular to the lever arm, which is at a 90-degree angle (or π/2 radians) to it. Therefore, for the angle θ that maximizes the torque, θ = 90°.
The correct answer is option Physics, High School. When turning a nut counter-clockwise, it will loosen. This is due to the concept of torque in physics.
Torque is the rotational equivalent of force, and when a force is applied in a counterclockwise direction, it creates a torque that loosens the nut.
One way to understand this is by considering the concept of mechanical advantage. When we apply a force to a wrench handle in the counterclockwise direction, we increase the torque applied to the nut, making it easier to loosen.
This is similar to how mechanics use a length of pipe over the wrench handle to remove a very tight bolt - by increasing the distance from the bolt, they increase the level arm and therefore the torque applied.
In the case of a rusty nut, the magnitude and direction of the torque applied can be calculated using the formula Σ ~ F d sin(θ), where Σ is the torque, F is the force applied, d is the distance from the nut, and θ is the angle between the force and the lever arm.
By varying the angle, we can determine the angle at which the torque has the largest magnitude.