Question

"Patient: A 4-year old male patient

Chief complaint: Recurrent infections and mucus discharge on the surface of the neck
Current Findings: The doctor noticed an opening on a side of the neck directly anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. An endoscopic surgery was recommended to close this opening by laser cauterization.

This condition is caused by?
a. Disappearance of the cervical sinus
b. Rupture of thyroglossal cyst
c. Persistence of thyroglossal duct
d. Inadequate growth of the second pharyngeal arch caudally"

Answer 1

The condition is caused by the persistence of thyroglossal duct, which can lead to recurrent infections and mucus discharge. Surgical closure of the opening is the recommended treatment.

Step-by-step explanation:

The condition described in the question is caused by the persistence of thyroglossal duct. The thyroglossal duct is a structure that connects the thyroid gland to the tongue during fetal development. Normally, the duct completely disappears after the thyroid gland has descended to its final position in the neck. However, in some cases, the duct persists and can form cysts or sinuses. These cysts or sinuses can become infected and cause recurrent infections and mucus discharge. The recommended treatment is surgical closure of the opening by laser cauterization.

Answer 2

Step-by-step explanation:

This condition is caused by the persistence of the thyroglossal duct.

During embryonic development, the thyroglossal duct is a structure that connects the thyroid gland (located in the neck) to the base of the tongue. Normally, the thyroglossal duct disappears as the thyroid gland migrates to its final position in the neck.

In some cases, however, the thyroglossal duct may persist, leading to the formation of a thyroglossal duct cyst. This cyst can present as a palpable lump in the neck and can become infected, resulting in recurrent infections and mucus discharge on the surface of the neck.

In the given case, the doctor noticed an opening on the side of the neck anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. This opening corresponds to the persistent thyroglossal duct and is a characteristic finding in patients with this condition.

To address this condition, an endoscopic surgery with laser cauterization is recommended. This procedure aims to close the opening of the thyroglossal duct and remove any associated cyst, preventing further infections and complications.