Final answer:
The part of international law that regulates conduct during armed conflict is international humanitarian law, which includes the Geneva Conventions. These conventions set standards for the humane treatment of individuals during war and define war crimes. Enforcement of these laws is carried out by courts such as the ICJ and ICC.
Step-by-step explanation:
The part of international law that regulates the conduct of armed hostilities is known as international humanitarian law, which is part of the broader field of international human rights law. Specifically, it encompasses the rules and principles that govern the conduct of war and the protection of war victims. The most significant instruments in this body of law are the Geneva Conventions, a series of treaties that establish the standards of legal protection for individuals during war.
The Geneva Conventions, ratified by all UN member states, aim to protect noncombatants, prisoners of war, and the wounded. These conventions have been developed to not only prescribe norms for wartime conduct but also to set forth the legal definitions of war crimes, mandating that states both prevent and prosecute such crimes. As part of international law, these conventions contribute to structuring the conduct of states and non-state actors and play a crucial role in promoting peace and mitigating the impact of conflict.
Furthermore, the enforcement of international law can occur through various venues, including the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and the International Criminal Court (ICC), which handle disputes between states and individual criminal behavior, respectively.