Final answer:
The neonatal period covers the first 28 days after birth, not up to 56 days as mentioned in the claim, making the statement false. Option 2.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the perinatal period is the period immediately after birth up to 56 days is false. The neonatal period refers to the first 28 days following birth, not up to 56 days. This period involves significant physiological adaptations as the newborn transitions from the uterine environment to the external world.
Critical adjustments include changes in the circulatory system as the baby takes its first breath and the cessation of the placenta’s role following the afterbirth stage, when the placenta is delivered. The postpartum period refers to the approximately 6-week phase immediately following childbirth during which the mother's body returns to a non-pregnant state. This includes processes such as uterine contractions to limit blood loss and the discharge of lochia.