Final answer:
Option A. Robin Sequence is a condition characterized by facial anomalies due to a small and set back lower jaw that obstructs the airway. It can lead to breathing difficulties and deglutition apnea.
Step-by-step explanation:
This term describes a set of craniofacial abnormalities that include a small and retracted lower jaw (micrognathia), a cleft palate, and glossoptosis, which is the downward displacement or retraction of the tongue. These anomalies can lead to difficulties with breathing and feeding in affected infants. Robin sequence can occur as an isolated condition or as part of a syndrome, such as Stickler syndrome or Treacher Collins syndrome.
The condition described in the question is called Robin Sequence. It is a combination of facial anomalies that occur because the lower jaw is small and set back in relation to the upper jaw. This pushes the tongue farther back and obstructs the airway, causing breathing difficulties.
The tongue's position can obstruct the nasopharynx, and the laryngeal muscles constrict to prevent food aspiration into the trachea. These factors can lead to deglutition apnea, where breathing briefly stops. Treatment for Robin Sequence may include the use of devices, such as mandibular distraction osteogenesis or tongue-lip adhesion, to improve breathing and promote normal development.