Final answer:
To find the compound with a higher boiling point, assess molar mass and polarity - compounds with greater molar masses and that are polar have higher boiling points; in hydrocarbons, intermolecular forces increase with molar mass.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Boiling Points in Chemistry
To determine which compound has a higher boiling point, one must consider molar mass and polarity.
For example, between butylamine and pentane, butylamine has both a higher molar mass and polarity, leading to a higher boiling point. Comparatively, between CH₃NH₂ (methylamine) and CH³CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂ (pentylamine), the latter has a significantly higher molar mass and is also polar, indicating a higher boiling point.
For hydrocarbons like C₂H₆ (ethane), C3H8 (propane), and C4H10 (butane), boiling points increase with higher molar masses due to stronger intermolecular forces. Hence, they can be arranged from lowest to highest boiling point as ethane < propane < butane.