Final answer:
A splintered or crushed bone is known as a comminuted fracture, where the bone breaks into more than two pieces. An impacted fracture is when bone fragments are driven into each other.
Step-by-step explanation:
A splintered or crushed bone is referred to as a comminuted fracture. In this type of fracture, the bone is broken into more than two pieces or is shattered. Other types of fractures include the greenstick, transverse, spiral, impacted, open (or compound), and closed (or simple). An impacted fracture occurs when one fragment of the broken bone is driven into another, effectively jamming them together. On the other hand, comminuted fractures require significant energy and can result from a sharp blow or a crushing impact, leading to multiple bone fragments.