Final answer:
Starting CPR immediately when someone is unresponsive and not breathing is critical because it can maintain the flow of oxygenated blood to the brain, reducing the risk of irreversible damage. Proper technique and training are important to perform CPR effectively and minimize injury.
Step-by-step explanation:
It is crucial to start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) as soon as possible when someone does not have a pulse and is not breathing because the brain and other vital organs need oxygen to function and survive. Immediate CPR can maintain blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain, reducing the risk of permanent brain damage or death. Starting CPR as quickly as possible can mean the difference between life and death because irreversible brain damage and neuron death occur within minutes of oxygen loss. The goal of CPR is to manually compress the blood within the heart to push it into the pulmonary and systemic circuits, particularly for the brain. Current standards for CPR involve chest compressions that are at least 5 cm deep at a rate of 100 compressions per minute.
Proper training is vital for performing CPR to ensure it is done effectively and to minimize the risk of injury to the patient. It's important to place hands correctly on the sternum between the lines at T4 and T9 to apply pressure appropriately during chest compressions. Improper hand placement or technique can lead to complications such as broken ribs or fatal damage. There are CPR courses offered by various institutions like the American Red Cross to ensure that individuals are properly trained to perform this life-saving technique.