Final answer:
A PCT can expect to observe sputum production, a crackling sound during coughing, and a temporary increase in heart rate when assisting a patient with deep-breathing and coughing exercises post-abdominal surgery, all aimed at improving lung function and preventing pneumonia.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a Patient Care Technician (PCT) is assisting a patient with deep-breathing and coughing exercises after abdominal surgery, several observations signal typical responses to these exercises. The primary goal of these exercises is to improve pulmonary function and to prevent respiratory complications such as pneumonia by clearing the airways of mucus. The technician can expect to observe the patient initially experiencing some discomfort due to the incision site while performing these exercises. As the patient coughs, sputum production may be evident, and the color, consistency, and amount of the sputum can provide insight into the patient's respiratory health. If the coughing is effective, there may be a crackling sound indicating the movement of secretions, and over time, an improvement in oxygen saturation levels as the lungs are cleared. The PCT may also note an increased heart rate during the exercises, as the effort to breathe deeply and cough can temporary elevate the body's demand for oxygen.