Final answer:
The vertical projections in the EKG image result from the depolarization and repolarization of the atria and ventricles of the heart.
Step-by-step explanation:
The vertical projections in the EKG image are a result of the electrical depolarization and repolarization of the atria and ventricles of the heart.
The small P wave represents the depolarization of the atria, while the QRS complex represents the depolarization of the ventricles. The T wave represents the repolarization of the ventricles. These vertical projections provide valuable information about the electrical activity of the heart and can alert the PCT to any abnormalities or irregularities in the patient's heart rhythm.