Final answer:
Calcium Channel Blocker toxicity signs include hypotension, bradycardia, and potential heart failure. Treatment focuses on supportive care, medications like calcium, glucagon, and insulin with glucose, and possibly invasive methods like pacing or ECLS in severe instances.
Step-by-step explanation:
The signs of Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB) toxicity may include hypotension, bradycardia, dizziness, nausea, and potential heart failure. The treatment for CCB toxicity typically involves supportive care, such as intravenous fluids, atropine, calcium gluconate or chloride, glucagon, and in some cases, insulin with glucose, which enhances myocardial glucose uptake and improves cardiac contractility.
Intralipid may also be used in severe cases to provide a lipid sink for the lipophilic CCBs, while hyperinsulinemia-euglycemia therapy is emerging as a key treatment strategy. If there is evidence of conduction disturbance, transcutaneous or transvenous pacing may be necessary. Vasopressors might be required to counteract the vasodilatory effects of CCB overdose, and in severe cases, extracorporeal life support (ECLS) might be considered.